Philip Andrews-Speed is a Senior Research Fellow at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. He has more than 40 years’ experience in the field of energy and resources.
After a spell carrying out geological research at Columbia and Cambridge Universities, Philip spent three years in Zambia as a mineral exploration geologist. He then moved to BP as an oil exploration geologist where he spent ten years, latterly in China. In 1994, he undertook an LLM in Natural Resources Law and Policy at the University of Dundee’s Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy before joining the academic staff there. He later became director of the Centre and Professor of Energy Policy.
His research and consulting have been directed principally at the governance and regulation of energy and natural resources in Asia, with a focus on China. His publications include books, book chapters, academic papers and policy reports.
In 2012, Philip joined the Energy Studies Institute of the National University of Singapore. There, among other activities, he led a programme of research for the Government of Singapore on the governance and regulation of nuclear energy. Returning to the United Kingdom after ten years, he joined the China Energy Programme of the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. The current focus of his research is on China’s role in clean energy supply chains.
Philip has a PhD in geology from the University of Cambridge and is a Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators.
Memberships
2023: Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators
Education
1995: LLM (Distinction) in Resources Law and Policy, at the Centre for Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy, University of Dundee, specialising in Energy Law, Policy and Economics. Dissertation: Restructuring China’s energy industries – is wholesale privatisation appropriate?
1989: awarded Ph.D. by University of Cambridge on the basis of publications in geology.
1976: B.A. Natural Sciences (Geology), University of Cambridge
Publications
Publications since relating to energy and resources governance
Books and monographs
Andrews-Speed, P. and S. Zhang (2019) China as a Global Clean Energy Champion: Lifting the Veil (Singapore: Palgrave), 339 pp. (Best Book Award of the International Association for Energy Economics, 2024)
Andrews-Speed, P., R. Bleischwitz, G. Kemp, S. VanDeveer, T. Boersma and C. Johnson (2015), Want, Waste or War?: The Global Resource Nexus and the Struggle for Land, Energy, Food, Water and Minerals (London: Routledge), 230 pp.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2012) The Governance of Energy in China: Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy (London: Palgrave MacMillan), 259pp. (Chinese translation published in 2015 by China Economic Publishing House)
Andrews-Speed, P. and R. Dannreuther (2011), China, Oil and Global Politics (London: Routledge), 225 pp. (Chinese translation published in 2014 by Social Sciences Academic Press).
Andrews-Speed, P (ed) (2008), International Competition for Resources: the Role of Law, the State and of Markets (Dundee: Dundee University Press)
Andrews-Speed, P. (2004) Energy Policy and Regulation in China (The Hague: Kluwer Law International), 405 pp.
Andrews-Speed, P, X. Liao and R. Dannreuther, (2002) The Strategic Impact of China’s Energy Needs, London, International Institute for Strategic Studies, Adelphi Paper No. 346, 115 pp.
Refereed Journal Papers
Andrews-Speed, P. and N.A. Putra (2024), “Breaking the iron triangle around nuclear safety regulation: The cases of France, Japan, and India”, Regulation and Governance, 18(4), 1246-1263.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2024), “The story of coal in China: from ornaments to critical energy supply”, Mineral Economics, 37, 331-342.
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Andrews-Speed, P., X. Xu, D. Jie, S. Chen and M.U. Zia (2023), “Research and development in support of coal-bed methane development in China: institutional deficiencies in the innovation systems”, Journal of Science and Technology Policy and Management, 14(3), 511-528.
Bleischwitz R.,M. Yang, B. Huang, X. Xu, J. Zhou, W. McDowall, P. Andrews-Speed, Z. Liu and G. Yong (2022), “The circular economy in China: Achievements, challenges and potential implications for decarbonisation”, Resources Conservation and Recycling 183, 106350.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2022), “The Governance of Civil Nuclear Power in France: Advantages and Disadvantages of Deep State Involvement”, Journal of World Energy Law and Business, 15 (2), 151-166.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2022), “How May National Culture Shape Public Policy? The Case of Energy Policy in China “, The Energy Journal, 43 (3), 257-273.
Yao, L. and P. Andrews-Speed (2022), “Engagement with risk-exposed neighbours: the track record of nuclear newcomer and newbuild states,” Journal of World Energy Law and Business, 15, 38-58.
Yao, L., P. Andrews-Speed and X. Shi (2021), ‘ASEAN electricity market integration: how can Belt and Road Initiative bring new life to it?’, The Singapore Economic Review 66 (1), 85-103.
Chen, S., Q. Zhang, P. Andrews-Speed and B. Mclellan (2020), “Quantitative assessment of the environmental risks of geothermal energy: A review,” Journal of Environmental Management 276, 111287.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2020), “South Korea’s nuclear power industry: recovering from scandal,” Journal of World Energy Law and Business 13 (1), 47-57.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2020), “The Governance of Nuclear Power in China,” Journal of World Energy Law and Business 13 (1), 23-46.
Zhang, S. and P. Andrews-Speed (2020), “State versus market in China’s low-carbon energy transition: An institutional perspective,” Energy Research & Social Science 66 (101503).
Andrews-Speed, P. (2020), “Governing nuclear safety in Japan after the Fukushima nuclear accident: incremental or radical change?”, Journal of Energy and Natural Resources Law 38 (2) (2020): 1-21.
Chen, W., M. Yang, S. Zhang, P. Andrews-Speed and W.Li (2019), ‘What accounts for the China-US difference in solar PV electricity output? An LDMI analysis,’ Journal of Cleaner Production 231, 161-170.
Li, S., S. Zhang and P. Andrews-Speed (2019), ‘Using diverse market-based approaches to integrate renewable energy: Experiences from China,’ Energy Policy 125, 330-337.
Bleischwitz, R., C. Spataru, S. D. VanDeveer, M. Obresteiner, E van der Voet, C. Johnson, P. Andrews-Speed, T. Boersma, H. Hoff and D.P. van Vuuren, 2018. “The Resource Nexus: A Perspective towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals.” Nature Sustainability 1 (December), 737-743.
Andrews-Speed, P. and S. Zhang (2018), ‘China as a low-carbon energy leader: successes and limitations”, Journal of Asian Energy Studies, 2 (1), 1-9.
Yao, L., X. Shi and P. Andrews-Speed (2018), ‘Conceptualization of energy security in resource-poor economies: the role of the nature of economy”, Energy Policy, 114, 394-402.
Zhang, S., P. Andrews-Speed and S. Li (2018), ‘To what extent will China’s ongoing electricity market reforms assist the integration of renewable energy?’, Energy Policy, 114, 165-172
Yin, S., S. Zhang, P. Andrews-Speed and W. Li (2017), ‘Economic and environmental effects of peak regulation using coal-fired power for the priority dispatch of wind power in China’, Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, 361-370.
Andrews-Speed, P., M. Qiu and C. Len (2016), ‘Chinese engagement in Southeast Asian energy and mineral resources: motivations and outlook’, Eurasian Geography and Economics, 57, 316-342.
Andrews-Speed, P. and X. Shi (2016), ‘What role can the G20 play in global energy governance? Implications for China’s Presidency’, Global Policy, 7 (2), 198-206.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2016), ‘Applying institutional theory to the low carbon transition’, Energy Research and Social Science, 13, 216-225.
Andrews-Speed, P., (2015) ‘Energy law in support of the low-carbon transition: lessons from the United Kingdom and China’, Frontiers of Law in China, 10 (2), 296-315.
Zhang, S., P. Andrews-Speed and P. Perera (2015), ‘The evolving policy regime for pumped storage hydroelectricity in China: a key support for low-carbon energy’, Applied Energy 150, 15-24.
Andrews-Speed, P. and C. Len, (2014) ‘Legal and commercial determinants of unconventional gas production in East Asia’, Journal of World Energy Law and Business. 7 (5), 408-422
Zhang, S., P. Andrews-Speed and M. Ji (2014), ‘The Erratic Path of the Low-Carbon Transition in China: Evolution of Solar PV Policy’, Energy Policy, 67, 903-912.
Andrews-Speed, P., C. van der Linde and K. Keramidas, (2014), ‘Conflict and cooperation over access to energy: implications for a low-carbon future’, Futures, 58, 103-114.
S. Zhang, P. Andrews-Speed, X. Zhao and Y. He (2013), ‘Interactions between renewable energy policy and renewable energy industrial policy: A critical analysis of China’s policy approach to renewable energies’ Energy Policy, 62, 342-353.
Ma, G., P. Andrews-Speed, and J. Zhang (2013), “Chinese consumer attitudes towards energy saving: the case of household electrical appliances in Chongqing”, Energy Policy, 56, 591-602.
Zhang, S., P. Andrews-Speed and X.Zhao (2013), “Political and institutional analysis of the successes and failures of China’s wind power policy”, Energy Policy, 56, 331-340.
Zhang, S. X. Zhao, P. Andrews-Speed and Y. He (2013) ‘The development trajectories of wind power and solar PV power in China: A comparison and policy recommendations’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 26, p. 322-331
Eder, L., P. Andrews-Speed and A. Korzhubaev, (2009), ‘Russia’s evolving energy policy for its eastern regions, and implications for oil and gas cooperation between Russia and China’. Journal of World Energy Law and Business, 2 (3), p.219-241.
Andrews-Speed, P., (2009), ‘China’s ongoing energy efficiency drive: origins, progress and prospects’, Energy Policy, 37, 1331-1344.
M. Meidan, P. Andrews-Speed, Ma X., (2009) ‘Shaping China’s Energy Security- Actors and processes’, Journal of Contemporary China, 17, (61), 591-616.
M. Kenisarin and P. Andrews-Speed, (2008). “Foreign direct investment in countries of the former Soviet Union: relationship to governance, economic freedom and corruption perception”, Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 41, 301-316.
Andrews-Speed, P and X. Ma, (2008). “Energy production and social marginalisation in China”, Journal of Contemporary China 17 (55), 247-272.
Andrews-Speed, P., Guo Ma, Bingjia Shao and Chenglin Liao, (2005) “Economic responses to the closure of small-scale coal mines in Chongqing, China”, Resources Policy 30 (1), 39-54.
P. Wouters, D. Hu, J. Zhang, A.D. Tarlock and P. Andrews-Speed (2004), ‘The new development of water law in China’, University of Denver Water Law Review 7 (2), pp.243-308.
P. Andrews-Speed, S. Dow, A. Oberheitmann, B. Ramsay , V. Smith and B. Wei , (2003), ‘First steps in power sector reform: the case of China’s Guangdong Province’, Utilities Policy 11 (3), 169-183.
Andrews-Speed, P., Yang, M., Shen, L. and Cao S. , (2003). ‘The Regulation of China’s Township and Village Coal Mines: a study of complexity’, Journal of Cleaner Production 11, pp.185-196.
Shen. L and Andrews-Speed, P. (2002), ‘Economic analysis of reform policies for the small coal mines in China’, Resources Policy 27, pp.246-254.
Andrews-Speed P, Zamora A, Rogers CD, Shen L, Cao S, Yang M. (2002). A framework for policy formulation for small-scale mines: the case of coal in China. Natural Resources Forum, 26: 43-52.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2001). ‘China’s energy policy in transition: pressures and constraints’, Journal of Energy Literature VII (2), pp.3-34.
Andrews-Speed, P. and Dow, S. (2000) ‘Reform of China’s electric power industry. Challenges facing the government’, Energy Policy, 28, pp.335-347
Andrews-Speed, P. and Vinogradov, S., (2000) ‘China’s involvement in Central Asian petroleum: convergent or divergent interests?’, Asian Survey XL (2), pp.377-397.
Andrews-Speed, P., Dow, S. and Gao, Z., (2000) ‘An evaluation of the ongoing reforms to China’s government and state sector: the case of the energy industry’, Journal of Contemporary China, 9 (23), pp.5-20.
Andrews-Speed, P. and Rogers, C., (1999) ‘Mineral taxation issues for the future’, Resources Policy, 25, pp.221-227.
Andrews-Speed, P. (1999), ‘The politics of petroleum and the Energy Charter Treaty as an effective investment regime’, Journal of Energy Finance and Development, 4, pp.117-135.
Andrews-Speed, P. (1998), ‘Natural gas in East Siberia and the Russian Far East: a view from the Chinese corner’, Cambridge Review of International Affairs XII (1), pp.77-95.
Andrews-Speed, P, Dow, S, Wang A, Mao, J and Wei B., (1999), ‘Electrical Power Consumers in China: are they benefiting from the reforms?’, The China Quarterly, 158, pp.430-446.
Andrews-Speed, P and Waelde, T.W. (1996), ‘Will the Energy Charter Treaty Help International Energy Investors?’, Transnational Corporations, 5 (3) 31-60.
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Andrews-Speed, P. and Gao, Z. (1996) ‘China’s legal regime for foreign participation in its upstream petroleum industry: the foreign oil company’s view’, Journal of Energy and Natural Resources Law 14, pp.161-178.
Publications through the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies (OIES)
Andrews-Speed, P. (2024), “Will Russian and Chinese nuclear reactor exports assist in the low-carbon transition”, Oxford Energy Forum, Issue 139, pp. 78-82.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2024), “The role of nuclear power in China’s energy security and low carbon transition”, Oxford Energy Forum, Issue 139, pp. 68-71.
Meidan, M., P. Andrews-Speed and D. Marks (2023), New Energy Supply Chains: Is the UK at Risk from Chinese Dominance? Royal United Services Institute, Occasional Paper.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2023), “Critical minerals for the low-carbon transition: why China matters”, Oxford Energy Forum, Issue 137, pp. 10-13.
Andrews-Speed, P and A. Hove (2023), “China’s rare earths dominance and policy responses”, OIES paper CE7.
Andrews-Speed, P. and Y. Yu (2022), “Managing the social consequences of the transition away from coal: the case of clean heating in Shanxi Province, China”, OIES Insight 122.
Andrews-Speed, P. and Y. Yu (2022), “Managing the social consequences of the transition away from coal: the case of job losses in Shanxi Province, China”, OIES Insight 121.
Meidan, M., M. Mukherjee, P. Andrews-Speed, Y. Qin, M. Fulwood and A. Economou (2022), “Asian energy markets following the Russian invasion of Ukraine”, OIES Energy Comment.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2022), “China’s policies and actions on carbon capture, utilization and storage”, in Oxford Energy Forum, Issue 130, pp. 50-55.
Hove, A., M. Meidan and P. Andrews-Speed (2021), “Software versus hardware: how China’s institutional setting helps and hinders the clean energy transition”, OIES Insight 107 and OIES Paper CE 2.
Meidan, M. and P. Andrews-Speed (2021), “China’s power crisis: long-term goals meet short-term realities”, OIES Energy Comment.
Meidan, M., P. Andrews-Speed and Y. Qin (2021), “Key issues for China’s 14th Five Year Plan”, OIES Energy Comment.
Andrews-Speed, P. and S. Zhang (2020), “Does 2020 mark a critical juncture in China’s low carbon transition?”, Energy Insight 76.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2020), “Power sector reform in China: markets constrained by the state”, in Oxford Energy Forum, Issue 125, pp. 5-8.
Book chapters
Andrews-Speed, P. (2022), “The Oil Transition in a Large Oil-Importing Country: the case of China”, in R. Dannreuther and W. Ostrowski (eds.), Handbook on Oil and International Relations (Edward Elgar), 391-406.
Andrews-Speed, P. and L. Yao (2021), “China’s Evolving Energy Relations with the Middle East”, in J. Fulton (ed.), Handbook on China-Middle East Relations (Routledge), 227-244.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2021), ‘Seventy Years of Energy Sector Development in the People’s Republic of China; Calculated Incrementalism’, Zhai Yongping and Wang Wen (eds.) in Promoting China’s Green Development (Asian Development Bank), 341-352 (in Chinese).
Andrews-Speed, P. (2020), ‘Regulating Energy Supply in China’, in T. Oyewunmi, P. Crossley, F. G. Sourgens and K. Talus (eds.), Decarbonisation and the Energy Industry: Law, Policy and Regulation in Low-Carbon Energy Markets (Hart Publishing), 283-305.
Andrews-Speed, P., (2019) ‘China’s Efforts to Manage its Fossil Fuel Consumption,’ in G. Wood and K. Baker (eds.) The Palgrave Handbook of Managing Fossil Fuels and Energy Transitions (Palgrave Macmillan), 109-137.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2019) ‘China’s International Energy Engagement’, in Ka Zheng (ed) Handbook of the International Political Economy of China (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar), 132-150.
Andrews-Speed, P. and S. Zhang (2018) ‘China’s Evolving Energy Policy: The Case of Electricity’, in J. Considine and K.W. Paik (eds.) Handbook of Energy Politics (Edward Elgar), 179-212.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2018) ‘Institutions and the governance of the resources nexus: the case of nitrogen fertilizers in China’, in T. Marsden (ed.) The Sage Handbook of Nature (Sage), 1287-1307.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2018) ‘Governance of the Electricity Sector’, in L. Lester and M. Thomas (eds.) China’s Electricity Sector – Challenges and Changes (Palgrave), 31-51.
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Andrews-Speed, P. and C. Dalin (2018) ‘Elements of the water-energy-food nexus in China’, in R. Bleischwitz, H. Hoff et al. (eds.) Routledge Handbook of the Resource Nexus (Routledge), 347-367.
Boersma, T. and P. Andrews-Speed (2018) ‘Unconventional oil and gas production meets the resource nexus’, in R. Bleischwitz, H. Hoff et al. (eds.) Routledge Handbook of the Resource Nexus (Routledge), 380-392.
Andrews-Speed, P., Mingda Qiu and C. Len (2018) ‘Mixed Motivations, Mixed Blessings: Strategies and Motivations for Chinese Energy and Mineral Investments in Southeast Asian, in J. Morris-Jung (ed.) In China’s Backyard: Policies and Politics of Chinese Resource Investments in Southeast Asia, ISEAS, 27-56.
Andrews-Speed, P. and G. Ma (2016). ‘Household energy saving in China: The challenge of changing behaviour’, in B. Su and E. Thomson (eds.) China’s Energy Efficiency and Conservation: Household Behaviour, Legislation, Regional Analysis and Impacts (Springer), 23-40.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2015) ‘China’s energy needs and energy security’, in D. Zweig (ed.) Resource Diplomacy under Hegemony (London: Routledge), 38-54.
Andrews-Speed, P. and S. Zhang (2015) ‘Renewable energy finance in China’, in C.W. Donovan (ed.) Renewable Energy Finance (London: Imperial College Press), 175-194.
Andrews-Speed, P., (2015) ‘An institutional perspective on the low-carbon transition’, in J. Yue (ed.) Hand Book of Clean Energy Systems. Volume 6: Sustainability of Energy Systems (Wiley), 3589-3610.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2015) ‘China’s energy sector: stranded between the plan and the market’, in A. Belyi and K. Talus (eds.) States and Markets in Hydrocarbon Sectors: General Trends and Regional Specificities (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan), p.214-239
Andrews-Speed, P. (2015) ‘Competing claims in the South China Sea: assessment and prospects’, in K. Brown (ed.) The EU-China Relationship: European Perspectives. A Manual for Policy Makers (London: Imperial College Press), p.183-200.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2015) ‘China and Russia’s competition for East and Southeast Asia energy resources’, in K. Brown (ed.) The EU-China Relationship: European Perspectives. A Manual for Policy Makers (London: Imperial College Press), p.294-305.
Andrews-Speed, P. and C. Len, ‘China’s unconventional gas ambitions’, in Unconventional Fuels: The Next Hydrocarbon Revolution? (Abu Dhabi: ECSSR, 2014), pp. 203–237.
Andrews-Speed, P. and A. Hezri (2013), ‘Institutional and governance dimensions of AEMI”, in ASEAN Energy Market Integration (AEMI): From Coordination to Integration, Bangkok, ASEAN Studies Centre, pp. 149-173.
Andrews-Speed, P. and C. Len (2013), ‘The political economy of AEMI’, in ASEAN Energy Market Integration (AEMI): From Coordination to Integration, Bangkok, ASEAN Studies Centre, pp.197-214.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2013) “A regional public goods approach towards EMI in East Asia”, in Y. Wu, F. Kimura and X. Shi (eds.) Energy Market Integration in East Asia. Deepen Understanding and Move Forward (Routledge, 2013), pp. 26-55.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2013), “Reform postponed. The evolution of China’s electricity markets”, in F. Sioshansi (ed.) Evolution of Global Electricity Markets. New Paradigms, New Challenges, New Approaches (Elsevier, 2013).
Andrews-Speed, P. (2011), “The institutions of energy governance in China’, in W.C. Ramsay and J. Lesourne (eds.), Chinese Climate Policy – Institutions and Intent (Paris: IFRI), pp. 9-78.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2010), “Asia’s energy demand and implications for the oil-producing countries of the Middle East”, in Energy Security in the Gulf. Challenges and Prospects (Abu Dhabi: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, 2010), pp. 137-169.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2009), “Energy: Overview”, “Energy: Hydrological power”, and “Energy: Wind Power”, in David Pong (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Modern China (Detroit: Charles Scribner), pp. 515, 518-520, 520-521.
Andrews-Speed, P., “Power Sector Reform”, in OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform – China – Defining the Boundary between the Market and the State (Paris: OECD, 2009), pp. 229-266.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2007), “Marginalisation in the energy sector: the case of township and village coal mines”, in H.X.Zhang, B.Wu and R.Saunders (eds.), Marginalisation In China (Aldershot: Ashgate), pp.55-80.
Andrews-Speed, P. (2007), “China’s energy policy and its contribution to international stability”, in M. Zaborowski (ed.) Facing China’s Rise: Guidelines for an EU Strategy, EU Institute for Security Studies, Chaillot Paper, No. 94, pp.71-81.
Andrews-Speed, P. and Cao Zhenning (2005), “Prospects for privatisation in China’s energy sector” in S. Green and G.S.Liu (eds.) Exit the Dragon? Privatization and State Ownership in China (London: Royal Institute for International Affairs) pp.196-213.
Andrews-Speed, P., ‘Regulation and deregulation of energy in the Asian market: a case study’, in Asian Energy markets: Dynamics and Trends (Abu Dhabi: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, 2004) pp.143-177
Andrews-Speed, P. (2004). “A European approach to energy security”, in F. Godement, F. Nicolas and T. Yakushiji (eds) Asia and Europe. Cooperating for Energy Security (Paris: Institut Francais de Relations Internationales), pp. 85-109.
Andrews-Speed, P., G. Ma, X. Shi and B. Shao (2003). “The impact of and responses to the closure of small-scale coal mines in China: a preliminary account,” in G. Hilson (ed.) The Socio-Economic Impacts of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining in Developing Countries (Rotterdam: Balkema, 2003), pp. 511-530.
Andrews-Speed, P., Dow, S. and Yang.M., (2000), ‘Regulating Energy in Federal Transition Economies: the Case of China’, in G. MacKerron and P. Pearson eds. , The International Energy Experience: Markets, Regulation and the Environment (London, Imperial College Press), pp. 91-102.
Andrews-Speed, P., (2000) ‘Reform of China’s energy sector: slow progress to an uncertain goal’. In China’s Economy in Transition, eds. J. Zhuang, S. Cook and S. Yao, Macmillan, London, pp.111-130.
Andrews-Speed, P. (1996) ‘Privatisation of the electricity industry in the UK: a model for China’s power sector?’, in G.MacKerron and P.Pearson (eds) The UK Energy Experience: Model or Warning? (London, Imperial College Press) pp.465-477.
